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| Kilian, Bernard; Pratt, Lawrence; Jones, Connie; Villalobos, Andres. |
| Latin America's coffee market continues in economic crisis. Sustainable coffee production and certification is one option for economic recuperation and social and environmental sustainability for the region's coffee producers. This paper explores four viable certification processes (Organic, Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance, and Utz Kapeh) by first defining their requirements. Then, an assessment of microeconomic impacts is given, where the production processes of sustainable and conventional coffee are evaluated and compared. Finally, the paper presents their future relevance and entrepreneurial potential by considering long-term market perspectives. Information about sustainable production in Latin America was gathered through primary sources in... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Sustainable coffee; Certification; Economics; Central America; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8149 |
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| Malzer, Gary L.; Hurley, Terrance M.; Kilian, Bernard. |
| Confirming the precision agriculture hypothesis for variable rate nitrogen applications (VRA) is challenging. To confront this challenge, researchers have used increasingly sophisticated statistical models to estimate and compare site-specific crop response functions (SSCRFs). While progress has been made, it has been hampered by the lack of a conceptual framework to guide the development of appropriate statistical models. This paper provides such a framework and demonstrates its utility by developing a heteroscedastic, fixed and random effects, geostatistical model to test if VRA can increase nitrogen returns. The novelty of the model is the inclusion of site, spatial, treatment, and treatment strip heteroscedasticity and correlation. Applied to data... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14111 |
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| Hurley, Terrance M.; Malzer, Gary L.; Kilian, Bernard. |
| Confirming the precision agriculture hypothesis for variable rate nitrogen applications (VRA) has proven challenging. To confront this challenge, researchers have begun to use increasingly sophisticated statistical models to estimate and compare site-specific crop response functions. While progress has been made, we believe it has been hampered by the lack of a clear conceptual framework to guide and motivate the development of appropriate models and methods. The purpose of this paper was to provide such a framework, while demonstrating its utility. The framework was used to develop a heteroscedastic, fixed and random effects, geostatistical model to test the potential for VRA to increase nitrogen returns. The model was implemented with data collected... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21950 |
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